Court of Justice of the European Union · EU

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 18 December 2025.#European Commission v Republic of Poland.#Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations – Article 2 TEU – Article 4(3) TEU – Second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU – Rule of law – Effective judicial protection in the fields covered by EU law – Principles of autonomy, primacy, effectiveness and the uniform application of EU law – Principle of the binding effect of the case-law of the Court – Judgments of the Trybunał Konstytucyjny (Constitutional Court, Poland) – Judgments of the Court and interim measures under Article 279 TFEU relating to the second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU – Rejection by the Trybunał Konstytucyjny (Constitutional Court) of those judgments and of those measures as ultra vires – National constitutional identity – Prohibition issued by the Trybunał Konstytucyjny (Constitutional Court) preventing all public authorities from applying Article 2 TEU and the second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU – Second paragraph of Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Requirement of an independent and impartial tribunal previously established by law – Improper composition of the Trybunał Konstytucyjny (Constitutional Court).#Case C-448/23.

Official source: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:62023CJ0448_RES
Source provider: eurlex
Retrieved: 2026-08-27T06:54:13.939Z

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